All our products go from literature survey  for capturing inputs .our literature survey includes previous and present challanges faced by the organisms.  next stage is prototyping and following the spiral project development. once the protoype meets the specs .than the device is tested on our emulators which are the exact replica of subject.eg lung, throat,heart emulators. we dont do any trial on animals, our emulators are world class and far far better than animal trials.